By Nigel Wallace
Trading is a very long and constant process of learning and improving. If you asked most experienced traders on the process of learning through the years, they would describe it as a journey into the unknown with each trader looking for the ultimate technique to gain. Some tend to focus more on technical aspects such as support and resistance, Moving averages and so on, some use fundamental news to trade, opening when an economic event disappoints or surprises. The technics seem to become more and more complicated combining various factors and adding more and more dimensions to the technic, more numbers more formulas more conditions. It seems that no matter how complicated the technic is, it always comes down to one single thing, getting the direction right. But there is always seem to be some X factor that is missing, it seems that each theory or technique stops working at some point and we are having a difficulty understanding why?
The Wall-Street Journal Experiment
It was one professor that actually dealt with this question, what makes a successful investor? How come most investors eventually yield more or less the same as the broad market? This professor was named Burton Malkiel and his theory was very simple. According to professor Burton Malkiel if you select very randomly stocks and compare your portfolio against an investor over time the performance would be equal. Meaning overtime the investors that trades with knowledge complex theory and instruments will be right about a stock for 50% of the times. This was an astounding and unprecedented statement, an expert and someone who trades randomly eventually have the same 50/50 chance to gain? It was obvious someone will take the challenge and test this bizarre yet incredibly interesting theory. And so in 1988, the famous Wall Street journal took the challenge upon itself. The Journal opened a regular Colum in which the Wall Street Journal reporters selected randomly stocks and competed against 100 market experts. The column lasted for 14 years with no conclusive results, except for maybe a slight advantage towards the experts.
So What Is The X Factor?
It is true that if you examine the a vast amount of investors against a random choice the advantage of their investment over a random choice of 50/50 will be marginal, but at the same time it is clear that there are people that beat the market constantly. People like Warren Buffett, Bill Gross, Jim Rogers even companies like Goldman Sachs. They must have something in common, what is it then? The answer is simple, Risk control. If you examine all successful traders they all make sure the risk they take in each trade is incredibly low versus the potential gain.
Think of it this way how many times did you have a series of successful trades but lost everything in just one stupid trade? Now think, if you can just take that equation and flip it upside down would that be amazing! You could have a series of losing trades but one good trade could boost your profits way above your loses? Guess what? This is what the big players do. Just thinking of it makes you wonder, one right decision can flip your entire status to a gainer. So instead of what you did all this time which is trying to get the direction right you have to first think of the lowest risk you can take for a good return.
Let’s get Practical, How can you trade this?
It turns out that when using this theory in trading it is actually much simpler than the average investment. When you try to decide on your trade first decide what amount you can lose in your trading account and multiply it by several times (more than 5) if after that you still have margin for trading than this is a good amount to risk. Now every time you trade the amount you risk in each trade has to be fixed on this amount. Let say you decided on 500$ than each time you trade you have to risk 500$ no more. Plan the trade you open in such a way that the stop loss you need will never require you to risk more than the 500$ or whatever amount you decided. Once you got your risk fixed it’s time to think how to make your Risk/Reward ratio optimal. Risk reward ratio is the ratio between the gain you made in a specific trade and the amount you risked. The higher the ratio is the better the trade.
If for example you risked 500$ and earned 5,000$ you risk reward ratio is 10/1 meaning you risked 1$ to gain 10$. So for example if you traded in total of 5 trades and you kept that ratio and gained only 1 of the 5 trades it means you lost 4$ but gained 10$ in the last trade. Keeping the ratio on 10/1 however is very hard since the opportunities are rare and literally means you will have to trade in a very low frequency. Most professional traders use a ratio of 3/1 meaning the risk is 1$ to gain 3$.If we go back to the first example it means that if you have risked 500$ the potential should be 1,500$. If in a 10 trades series you got only half right meaning 5 losing and 5 winning, your balance will be +5000$ a great profit by all means. You still have to have your trading strategy right but always remember the risk management is the base for success.
This news item was republished from eToro Forex news website
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